Leishmaniasis in the Jordan Valley. V. Dispersal characteristics of the sandfly Phlebotomus papatasi

Abstract

<jats:p><jats:bold>ABSTRACT. </jats:bold> Several characteristics of dispersing and non‐dispersing <jats:italic>Phlebotomus papatasi</jats:italic> (Scopoli) were quantified and compared. The majority of dispersing sandflies, trapped crossing fallow fields, were females (68.5% v. 51.1%); of the dispersing females, 55.4% were parous, 48.1% were inseminated and 11.6% were gravid. In the population of sandflies sampled exiting from burrows of the sand rat <jats:italic>Psammomys obesus</jats:italic> Cretschmar, these categories, respectively, represented 39%, 90% and 26% of the females examined. <jats:italic>Leishmania</jats:italic> promastigotes were found in 9% of females exiting from <jats:italic>P. obesus</jats:italic> burrows, and in 2.7% of the dispersing females. The anthrone test established that the reason for activity of gravid females is sugar feeding. These females do not disperse and are suitable targets for future control measures.</jats:p>